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330MW機(jī)組單機(jī)供熱利用CFB鍋爐蓄熱提高供熱可靠性的探討

作者:楊曉華  來(lái)源:華能吉林發(fā)電有限公司 
評(píng)論: 更新日期:2013年03月05日

6 入爐燃料的質(zhì)量對(duì)機(jī)組可靠性的影響

白山電廠以煤矸石為主要燃料,摻燒煤泥和洗中煤,摻燒比例為48%、34%、18%,為目前國(guó)內(nèi)洗選煤矸石摻燒比例最高、機(jī)組容量最大的循環(huán)硫化床(CFB)鍋爐。由于入爐燃料發(fā)熱量低,所以灰分百分含量大。要輸入一定的熱量,就需要較多的燃料量,兩個(gè)方面會(huì)造成飛灰和低渣量大,飛灰和低渣量加大,會(huì)加劇對(duì)爐內(nèi)受熱面和耐火保溫材料的磨損;同時(shí)也會(huì)對(duì)低渣系統(tǒng)造成不正常的磨損,甚至損壞失效,引起降負(fù)荷,甚至被迫壓火處理。所以要克服循環(huán)流化床鍋爐可以燒沒有底限劣質(zhì)燃料的思想,保障入爐燃料在設(shè)計(jì)值周圍,這樣才能保障機(jī)組的可靠性,維持機(jī)組較長(zhǎng)連續(xù)運(yùn)行周期,特別在供熱期,尤為重要。筆者曾到外資企業(yè)的循環(huán)硫化床(CFB)鍋爐機(jī)組參觀學(xué)習(xí),他們的機(jī)組都是燃用的優(yōu)質(zhì)燃料,當(dāng)然他們考慮的更多的不僅是劣質(zhì)燃料對(duì)機(jī)組可靠性的負(fù)面影響,還更考慮到劣質(zhì)燃料及燃燒后灰渣的運(yùn)輸成本,在極限情況下,劣質(zhì)燃料產(chǎn)生的能量還不如運(yùn)輸消耗的能量多。

7結(jié)語(yǔ)

只要維持入爐燃料不偏離設(shè)計(jì)值太多,加上有意識(shí)維持壓火時(shí)盡量多的蓄熱,利用改造的系統(tǒng),300MW機(jī)組單機(jī)供熱對(duì)400萬(wàn)平米左右小城區(qū)供熱可靠性還是可以保障的。對(duì)于400萬(wàn)平米左右小城區(qū)300MW以上等級(jí)煤粉爐機(jī)組單機(jī)供熱提高可靠性,同樣本系統(tǒng)的改造可以起到借鑒作用,當(dāng)然,煤粉爐機(jī)組可靠性較高,但是供熱可靠性的保證是必須的。從媒體的報(bào)道上看,一旦機(jī)組供熱失效,社會(huì)會(huì)不計(jì)代價(jià)的進(jìn)行補(bǔ)救,如買電熱器,甚至安裝燃?xì)馊加湾仩t,這些設(shè)備的利用小時(shí)數(shù)都會(huì)很小,會(huì)造成社會(huì)財(cái)富的極大浪費(fèi),所以機(jī)組供熱可靠性的改造投入即使利用小時(shí)數(shù)很小,也是經(jīng)濟(jì)的。況且供熱失效會(huì)影響人們的健康,甚至老年人的性命,這是不能用經(jīng)濟(jì)來(lái)衡量的。

參考文獻(xiàn):

1王家萬(wàn),張勇,黃偉,張雷 330MW CFB鍋爐壓火的技術(shù)措施 [J].中國(guó)電力 2009 42(8) :28-31

WANG Jia-wan, ZHANG Yong ,HUANG Wei .ZHANG Lei Research on the technical measures of banking-up in 330MW CFB boiler [J].Electric Power 2009 42(8) :28-31

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2楊曉華 降負(fù)荷時(shí)防止鍋爐滅火的穩(wěn)燃措施[J]. 電力安全技術(shù) 2009 11(3):58-59

YANG Xiao-hua The technical measures of stabilizeted combustion in load ing down boiler[J]. Electric Safety Technology 2009 11(3):58-59

Research on the technical measures of improving heat productive reliability in 330MW CFB boiler unit by using heat storage of boiler

YANG Xiao-hua

(HUANENG Jilin Power Generation Co.,Ltd., Changchun 130012, China)

Abstract: with the rising prices and generate electricity installed capacity growth, large area to be short of electric situation has changed completely, thermal power plant electricity generation tasks is no longer so badly, even some places appeared the installed capacity of electricity surplus. So power co-generation modification, is becoming increasing equipment utilization hours, energy saving and emission reduction and enhanced profitability is the main means of thermal power plant. The heating area of 4000000 square meters in the small town, small heating and power market market, small, need in heating period run. So for large capacity fossil power unit heating reliability problems is an inevitable problem.

Key words: CFB boiler unit; Single generator running to product heat ;reliability of heat production ; heat storage of boiler; energy saving and emission reduction

作者簡(jiǎn)介:楊曉華(1972-),男,山東招遠(yuǎn)人,大專,工程師。從事火電廠生產(chǎn)運(yùn)行管理工作。

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